Contraindications to blepharoplasty of the upper and lower eyelids

What it is

This term is commonly understood as surgical correction of the eyelids, which is carried out to combat overhanging skin folds. In addition, with the help of blepharoplasty you can easily eliminate the so-called effect of bags under the eyes.

By performing surgical correction of the upper and lower eyelids, it is possible to get rid of excess skin and remove fat deposits.

Currently, blepharoplasty is considered one of the most common interventions performed on the face. That is why experts offer various eyelid correction methods that allow you to change the shape of the eyes, cope with aesthetic imperfections and age-related changes.

As a rule, blepharoplasty is performed by people over 35 years of age. However, if necessary, the procedure is also performed by younger patients.

Photo: Correction of Asian eyes

How is it determined that surgery cannot be performed?

To identify contraindications to eyelid blepharoplasty, doctors prescribe a number of tests and examinations.

First of all, the specialist must collect a patient’s medical history, which includes the following information:

data regarding a person’s life and health, illnesses suffered by him;
pathologies suffered by close relatives;
lifestyle, bad habits;
the presence of allergic reactions to medications.

Equally important is the assessment of the functioning of the respiratory, digestive, nervous, and excretory systems. You should also determine the functioning of the heart and blood vessels.

Preoperative examination is important not only for the surgeon, but also for the anesthesiologist. Some diseases are not compatible with anesthesia, so you should definitely inform your doctor about them.

To identify serious pathologies of internal organs, the doctor prescribes a number of tests and diagnostic procedures for the person. This will help assess the functioning of his body and choose the right surgical tactics.

Photo: Before and after surgery

To assess the condition of the eyelids, adhere to the following plan:

the amount of excess skin on the eyelids;
the presence of sagging eyelids, which is caused by congenital anomalies or age-related changes;
determining the depth of wrinkles, pigmentation and other defects;
condition of the cartilage tissue of the eyelid;
the presence of excess fatty tissue in the eye socket area.

To determine the general health of a woman, the following studies are carried out:

General blood analysis. To do this, it is taken from the finger. Thanks to this study, it is possible to determine inflammatory processes in the body, the presence of malignant tumors, blood clotting disorders, and the body’s preparedness to fight infections.
General urine analysis. Thanks to this study, it is possible to identify infectious lesions of the kidneys and bladder. It also allows you to identify inflammation of these organs.
Blood chemistry. Using biochemistry, a doctor can recognize diabetes mellitus, blood clotting disorders, problems in kidney function, assess the condition of the pancreas and identify diseases of the liver and biliary tract.
Blood test for hepatitis, HIV, syphilis.
Examination by an anesthesiologist. Surgical intervention cannot be performed without anesthesia, and therefore, at the preparatory stage, consultation with this specialist is required. The doctor will determine the safest type of anesthesia depending on the patient's health condition.
Electrocardiogram. This procedure helps to assess the condition of a person’s heart and blood vessels.
Fluorography. With its help, you can exclude tuberculosis and other serious disorders of the lungs. It can also be used to examine the mammary glands and skeletal system.

Photo: Rejuvenation effect

Chemosis after blepharoplasty

The surface of the eyeball tends to be exposed to various adverse environmental factors.
To eliminate this kind of contact, the conjunctiva, the mucous membrane of the eye, is included in the work. The most serious pathology that can occur in the conjunctiva, due to the formation of an inflammatory process, is considered to be chemosis - swelling of the fundus conjunctiva.

Let's take a closer look at the causes of pathology, diagnostic methods, and how to treat the disease.

Characteristics of the pathology

The conjunctiva, in addition to the eyeball, also covers the eyelids from the inside. Due to this, it ensures the functioning of the eyes and supplies them with the necessary amount of lubrication.

The part that covers the fundus of the eye is called bulbar. It consists of a superficial epithelial layer; and submucosal, deeper.

When the inflammatory process begins, swelling forms between these two layers and fluid accumulates.

In the area of the iris, the conjunctiva flows into the corneal layer, where the border of the limbus is located, at the junction of it with the underlying tissue. In this regard, when chemosis forms, the conjunctiva practically protrudes above the surface of the bottom, and a person may have problems closing the eyes.

Chemosis of the conjunctiva after blepharoplasty, and other causes

The superficial layer of the conjunctiva can be influenced by various factors. These include:

blepharoplasty;
vascular pathologies;
eye injury (foreign body, dry or dusty air, thermal or chemical burn, exposure to ultraviolet rays);
abscess of the eyelid. It is a purulent inflammation in any part of the eyelid caused by the inflammatory process of the sebaceous glands;
a tumor of the periorbital zone is swelling in the area of the eye orbit, caused as a result of pathologies of brain diseases and eye lesions;
allergic reaction caused by animal hair, house dust, plant pollen;
exophthalmos, which is a forward or sideward displacement of the eyeball, can cause serious systemic or ocular pathologies;
conjunctivitis, infection in the conjunctiva of the eye, may be fungal, viral or bacterial in nature;
meibomitis, the appearance of an abscess in the inner or outer part of the eyelids, caused by an inflammatory process of the sebaceous glands;
blepharitis - inflammation in the area of the edges of the eyelids, can be caused by infection with bacteria, viruses, fungi, Demodex mites

In most cases, chemosis is a sign of severe disorders in the functioning of the whole organism, and requires timely diagnosis and correct treatment. According to statistics, the most common cause of pathology is allergies, which can be caused by the uncontrolled use of medications.

At the primary stage, chemosis is quite difficult to identify due to the absence of obvious symptoms. At the beginning of the disease, the fluid, which gradually accumulates between the layers of the conjunctiva, is in a small volume.

And only a qualified specialist can identify it. As the disease progresses, the symptoms will become more pronounced and the patient’s condition will worsen.

The formation of chemosis can be identified by the following symptoms:

blurred vision, blurred images;
feeling of discomfort in the eyes: burning, itching, pain;
the formation of swelling, which gradually spreads to the entire conjunctiva; with this complication, the person feels pain when closing;
purulent discharge appears from the eyes because a bacterial infection is associated with inflammation;
The most unpleasant situation is the spread of swelling to both eyes at once. Due to this, vision is significantly impaired

In order to get rid of the reasons that provoked irritation and swelling, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive treatment of the pathology. This includes eliminating the allergen, influencing pathogenic microflora, and using other restorative agents.

If it is not possible to get rid of the causes of chemosis after blepharoplasty, and the treatment does not bring the desired effect, as a result, a malnutrition of the corneal tissue may develop. In this case, non-infectious keratitis (inflammation of the cornea) may develop in the presence of systemic infections, such as syphilis, tuberculosis.

Diagnostics

In order to prescribe the correct treatment, you need to fully examine the patient, collect anamnesis, and pass the necessary tests. The doctor may prescribe:

ophthalmoscopy;
visometry, determination of visual acuity;
biomicroscopy;
tonometry, measurement of intraocular pressure;
tests: blood, to detect bacterial infection, scraping from the conjunctiva;
Ultrasound, X-ray, CT

A differential study plays an important role, which allows us to exclude the possibility of such serious pathologies as tuberculosis, abscess, and oncological formations. If conjunctivitis is present, it allows you to determine the type of infection.

The use of medications for the disease directly depends on the nature of the identified inflammation: infectious and non-infectious. Main groups of prescribed drugs:

Antiviral drugs . They are used when a viral nature of the disease has been identified; they are most effective in the first day after the infection enters the body. These include: Interferon, Indoxuridine, Acyclovir, Poludan;
Antibacterial . Used for local therapy during the first few days of the disease, up to 8 times. As symptoms decrease, the amount decreases. The most common drugs: Floxal, Gentamicin, Okamicin, Tobramycin;
Antihistamines and vasoconstrictors . The use of this type of medication will be effective after eliminating the allergen that causes allergic damage to the conjunctiva.

You should not self-medicate. All of the above-described medications for the treatment of chemosis after blepharoplasty can only be prescribed by an ophthalmologist, after diagnosing the underlying disease and conducting all the necessary studies and tests.

Surgical treatment

If there is a mild to moderate degree of the disease that provoked chemosis, it can be treated conservatively, without staying in the hospital. These conditions include:

blepharitis;
conjunctivitis;
allergy

If there are serious complications, treatment is carried out in the clinic. There are a number of conditions where the only solution is surgery. Such pathologies include:

exophthalmos;
internal stye;
tumors in the orbital region;
abscess of the eyelid

In the presence of such pathologies, surgical intervention is indicated to help permanently eliminate the pathology.

In order to protect yourself from the onset of the disease, you need to follow certain rules that will increase the body's resistance to infectious diseases and improve the functionality of the organ of vision.

Sleep should be at least 8 hours a day. You need to sleep in a well-ventilated area, with thick curtains, in a comfortable bed.
When prescribed by a doctor, you should take special complexes with vitamins for the eyes;
If your eyes are constantly under strain during work (for example, working at a computer), you should take a rest every hour. This break will allow the eyes to relax, and it is advisable to do simple eye exercises, which will improve tissue metabolism;
It is recommended to lead a healthy lifestyle. Most eye diseases manifest themselves with age, when a person’s chronic diseases begin to progress;
It is worth following your diet. The menu should include products containing vitamins for the eyes. These include: dark chocolate, garlic, onions, spinach, carrots, eggs, broccoli, blueberries, parsley.

Remember that the organ of vision is the most important, without which life will lose its colors. A healthy lifestyle and prevention of ophthalmic diseases will help protect you from most eye diseases. The basis of health is immunity, which also affects vision. It’s not for nothing that they say that the eyes are the mirror of the soul. Let's make sure this mirror is crystal clear!

Source: https://blefaroplastikavek.ru/hemoz-posle-blefaroplastiki/

General prohibitions

Nonspecific contraindications to blepharoplasty include the following:

bleeding disorders;
use of anticoagulants;
a history of heart attack or stroke;
arterial hypertension;
hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism;
retinal detachment;
serious disturbances in the functioning of the heart and blood vessels;
complex forms of diabetes mellitus – this disease negatively affects wound healing;
malignant tumor formations;
immunodeficiency syndrome;
systemic diseases - in particular, lupus erythematosus;
complex forms of general somatic pathologies;
chronic kidney and liver failure;
menstruation - the operation is prohibited before the critical days and for 4-5 days after;
pregnancy;
breast-feeding.

There are also specific contraindications that do not allow this intervention:

inflammation of the eyelids;
Graves' disease - this term is called Graves' disease;
Sjögren's syndrome - it refers to dry eye syndrome;
violations of the structure of the eyelids, which are combined with defects of the orbital walls;
deep scars in the temple area;
complex forms of myopia – surgical intervention can cause lagophthalmos;
conjunctivitis;
blepharospasm;
glaucoma - in this case there is a risk of postoperative hematoma and even blindness;
infectious lesions of the orbital zone;
blepharochalasis - severe swelling in the eye area;
inflammatory lesions of the tear ducts and glands;
acute and chronic eye inflammation.

Photo: Lower eyelid surgery

What is blepharoplasty and who is it for?

Blepharoplasty changes the shape of the eyelids and the shape of the eyes. It helps remove excess skin and fatty deposits. And, despite the fact that many consider this operation to be purely cosmetic, intended only to correct defects in appearance, in reality everything is much more complicated. Blepharoplasty, first of all, is necessary for some people whose eyelid defect seriously impairs the quality of life, and only then, for those who decide to go on the operating table solely to change the shape of the eyelids or remove wrinkles. This operation is divided into:

-oplasty of the upper eyelids;

- plastic surgery of the lower eyelids;

-plastic surgery of the eastern eyelids;

- transconjunctival plastic surgery (if the person does not have a large excess of skin on the lower eyelid);

- circular plastic surgery (performed for older people);

-canthoplasty (changes the shape and shape of the eyes);

-canthopexy (correction of the outer corner of the eye and tightening of the eye muscles);

-blepharoplasty for the distribution of fat cells.

Contraindications for blepharoplasty

It is important to consider that prohibitions on surgical intervention also depend on the type of procedure.

Upper eyelids

In this case, the upper eyelid is cut in the area of the natural folds of the eye. This is done in such a way as to make the postoperative scar less noticeable.

In some cases, manipulation may be performed to realign the lacrimal gland or tighten muscle tissue.

If necessary, the surgeon will cut out the fatty hernia. Excess skin is removed by excision of a spindle-shaped flap of skin.

Contraindications for upper eyelid blepharoplasty are basically the same as for other types of intervention.

Specific prohibitions include inflammatory lesions that are localized specifically in the area of the upper eyelid.

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Lower eyelids

In the lower eyelid area, thin incisions are made directly under the eyelashes. Through them, the doctor separates adipose tissue and muscles, gets rid of excess fat, and trims weak skin. After this, the incisions are sewn together using cosmetic sutures.

This intervention has general contraindications.

Special prohibitions include the presence of inflammation and other lesions of the lower eyelid.

Transconjunctival

If it is necessary to get rid of fatty hernias in the lower eyelid area, transconjunctival blepharoplasty can be performed.

In this case, the incision is made on the inside of the eyelid.

A contraindication to this operation, in addition to the usual prohibitions, is insufficiently high elasticity of the skin. Therefore, it is performed only on young people.

Photo: Plastic surgery using the transconjunctival method

Laser

Laser blepharoplasty is a modern alternative to classical intervention. That is why it is becoming more and more popular. This method helps to cope with wrinkles, bags under the eyes, eliminate sagging skin and crow's feet.

Currently, there are 2 main types of this procedure:

traditional;
pseudoblepharoplasty.

In the first case, the same principle applies as in a normal operation. However, instead of a scalpel in this situation, a beam is used. The second procedure involves acting exclusively on the surface of the epithelium.

In any case, the following is a contraindication to the laser procedure:

inflammatory lesions;
the presence of malignant tumors;
infections;
tendency to the appearance of keloid scars.