Exercise for the upper eyelid muscle

The main goal of any surgical intervention in aesthetic surgery is the correction of defects that distort a person’s appearance, including age-related changes. The aging process on the face is clearly reflected, primarily in the eye area. Delicate and thin skin, easily susceptible to various factors, such as mechanical damage and age-related gravitational changes, begins to lose its properties quite early and succumb to various changes. Drooping of the eyelid crease is one of the earliest signs of this process. What methods of surgical modeling of the eyelid fold are used today - read on estet-portal.com.

Methods for correcting the palpebral fold of the eyelid

The relief of the upper eyelid has a special outline due to the upper orbital-palpebral groove and the fold of the eyelid, which is represented by two elements: overhanging and retracted skin duplications. This seemingly small structure is formed by many components: the skin of the eyelid, the orbicularis eyelid muscle, the levator muscle, layers of connective tissue, tarso-orbital fascia and orbital tissue.

The main detail that forms the eyelid fold is the fan of distal fibers of the levator aponeurosis, woven into the skin of the eyelid.

All this must be taken into account during surgical modeling of the palpebral fold of the eyelid.

Eyelid fold:

• features of the kinematics of the palpebral fold of the eyelid;
• mechanisms of changes in the palpebral fold of the eyelid;
• surgical modeling of the palpebral fold of the eyelid.

Why do wrinkles appear around the eyes?

When correcting drooping eyebrows according to the method of I. A. Frishberg (as opposed to the methods of Barnes, Fomon, Clarkson, which involve excision of elliptical areas of skin above the eyebrows), all soft tissues of the superciliary area are excised down to the bone, the frontal belly of the occipitofrontal muscle is dissected and the tissue is sutured eyebrows to the periosteum.
Thanks to this, a more reliable fixation of the eyebrows is achieved. This technique can be used when you need to raise eyebrows that are too low; Moreover, if there is no need to simultaneously remove the folds between the eyebrows, it is not necessary to make an incision on the bridge of the nose.

Expression wrinkles and bags under the eyes can appear already in youth, even in childhood, and with age, problems appear in almost all people, especially if they:

• have a genetic predisposition (features of the structure of the skull and eye socket)
• have active, sometimes excessive facial expressions;
• do not take care of their health, that is, they do not eat properly, do not get enough rest, cannot give up cigarettes and alcohol, thereby accelerating the aging process, including that of the skin;
• live in unfavorable conditions, for example, in a large city, where the air and water are replete with harmful impurities;
• love to sunbathe, but do not protect their facial skin with sunscreen;
• They do not use special eye care cosmetics, but try to apply regular face cream to the skin of the eyelids, even without the mark “for sensitive skin”;
• abuse decorative cosmetics, for example, applying an excessive amount of shadows to the skin of the eyelids;
• sit too long at the computer, forgetting to take breaks and neglecting special gymnastics for the eyes, which relieves spasms of muscle fibers and the resulting circulatory disorders in the skin of the eyelids.

Attention! Fine lines under the eyes appear due to the natural aging of the skin, which begins immediately after puberty ends. Therefore, you should not expect that in youth the skin will cope with problems on its own - care should begin as early as possible, using age-appropriate cosmetics.

The first wrinkles around the eyes appear in childhood, and even in infants the eyelids have a folded structure, but this is rather a cost of growth - with the growth of the skull bones, the eyelids will get rid of folds, but at the same time they will be covered at first with an almost imperceptible, and later clearly visible network of wrinkles.

In the periorbital zone there are facial and static, sometimes quite deep wrinkles. The latter are formed due to the loss and damage of structural fibers, a decrease in the content of hyaluronic acid and the downward displacement of tissue under the influence of gravity.

The fight against wrinkles around the eyes involves not only smoothing the skin, but also preventing the appearance of wrinkles in the future, and for this all means are good: home recipes, cosmetics, cosmetic techniques and surgery (the most effective remedy against wrinkles around the eyes).

In addition, it is necessary to reconsider your lifestyle, namely: eat right, get enough rest and be sure to get rid of bad habits - this is necessary so that the skin remains toned, elastic for as long as possible and is fully restored after contraction of facial muscles, and does not collect into the folds.

It is useless to fight wrinkles around the eyes if you forget to take breaks from work that requires eye strain. Wrinkles are more noticeable on dry, thin skin, which often happens to women who do not remove eye makeup correctly. Needless to say, soap cannot be used for these purposes, but only special makeup removers should be used, and the skin should be blotted with a cotton wool soaked in them, and not rubbed.

Attention! The effect after correcting wrinkles on the eyelids using professional procedures will last longer if you regularly self-massage the skin, including using an ice cube (if there is no rosacea) - this simple home manipulation will revive microcirculation, stimulate cellular metabolism, and also tighten the skin, causing instant contraction of underlying tissue.

Modern cosmetology offers various ways to get rid of wrinkles in the periorbital area - which one to choose depends on the patient’s age, skin characteristics and depth of wrinkles. For young and middle-aged patients, injections of botulinum toxin or wrinkle filler, as well as exposure of the skin to radio waves, electric current and laser radiation, help smooth out wrinkles for several months.

Rapidly fading, sagging skin on the cheekbones and cheeks warns that bladder diseases are possible.

Naturally, the main cause of wrinkles is age, that is, the physiological process of skin aging. But there are quite a large number of external and internal factors that negatively affect the skin and lead to faster appearance of wrinkles. Many people notice that for some people, wrinkles become noticeable only at the age of 50–60, while for others, folds on the face appear after 20.

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The main reasons for the early appearance of wrinkles: 1. Lifestyle:

• smoking and other bad habits;
• stress, lack of sleep, chronic fatigue;
• rare walks in the fresh air and a sedentary lifestyle;
• sudden weight loss or gain, etc.

2. Tension of the facial muscles responsible for facial expressions:

• the habit of wrinkling the forehead, squinting and “making grimaces”;
• frequent smiling and laughter;
• professional loads of announcers, actors, singers, musicians playing wind instruments.

3.Environmental status:

• dustiness;
• dry air;
• frequent and prolonged exposure to the sun, including in a solarium;
• frosty and windy weather.

4.Poor nutrition:

• eating large amounts of meat, flour products, salt and sugar;
• habit of drinking little purified water;
• irregular and unbalanced diet with insufficient vitamins and microelements;
• eating “junk food”: smoked meats, food preservatives, dyes, flavor enhancers and much more.

5.Individual features:

• dry facial skin;
• oily skin;
• poor skin elasticity and genetic predisposition to early formation of wrinkles (heredity).

6.Improper skin care:

• use of low-quality cosmetics, both decorative and caring;
• 24-hour use of decorative cosmetics;
• insufficient skin cleansing and so on.

Some diseases:

• atopic dermatitis (neurodermatitis);
• ichthyosis;
• furunculosis, acne and other inflammatory diseases of the facial skin;
• deficiency conditions of the body (lack of protein, calcium, vitamins and microelements, dehydration, lack of oxygen), including HIV and cancer;
• diseases accompanied by swelling in the face and eyelids;
• hormonal disorders (early menopause, removal of ovaries, imbalance of thyroid hormones, adrenal glands and others);
• diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous system that impair blood circulation in the muscles and skin.

Wrinkles on the face (the meaning with pictures are presented below), being a visible sign of age-related changes, are formed from childhood and appear gradually. First, the skin loses its elasticity, then it becomes rough, then wrinkles appear on the forehead, then in the corners of the eyes, etc.

The magic of women's eyes is a great power, and their beauty is emphasized by well-groomed eyelid skin. Peeling and dryness of the eyelids do not add beauty in any way! Therefore, eyelid skin care cannot be limited to makeup removal only, but should combine the following procedures:

1. Proper cleansing of the skin around the eyes.
2. Moisturize and moisturize again!
3. Moisturizing and tightening masks for the eye area.
4. Massage, including acupressure.
5. Gymnastics for the muscles around the eyes.

Let's look at all the proper steps in caring for the delicate skin around our eyes, which often flakes and dries quickly! We should not allow this to happen, so as not to look for magical ways to remove wrinkles in the future!

I have already described to you many times the technology for removing makeup from the eye area with olive oil. Olive oil can dissolve even waterproof mascara! Lightly moisten a cotton pad with warm water, drip olive oil onto it and apply to the eyelids and eyelashes. We remove with blotting movements in the direction from the eyebrow, i.e. top down.

I would also like to recommend a two-phase product for removing mascara from eyelashes, produced by a number of well-known manufacturers of cosmetics, for example, Nivea, L'Oreal, Garnier, Mary Kay, etc. The oily phase contains oils that additionally moisturize eyelid skin that is prone to dryness.

Remember: do not rub or stretch the thin skin in the eye area! All you need to do is saturate a cotton pad with the product and simply apply it to your makeup. Remove with delicate blotting movements!

We often neglect the rules for using face creams and use them for the eye area. Very wrong! You should look for a special eye cream that both moisturizes and fights the signs of aging. But, frankly, you can spend your whole life searching for a suitable and effective cream!

I offer a win-win option - make a cream for gentle care of the eye area with your own hands. In the formulas of creams for wrinkles around the eyes, we will use fatty oils that best meet our needs.

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Basic fatty oils ensure deep penetration of moisturizing substances into the lower layers of the skin of the eyelids and the entire eye area, so I recommend using them in skincare procedures. The most effective fatty oils for this purpose are:

• Most often, the cause of an impending eyelid can be a hereditary factor. It often happens that people who have family ties have this symptom.
• Poor nutrition can also be a cause. Namely, water retention in the body causes swelling, and as a result, drooping eyelids. This may be due to excessive consumption of salty foods, because salt, as everyone knows, retains moisture and it does not leave the body, after which swelling appears. It is not recommended to drink a lot of water before bed, and it is better to give up bad habits such as drinking alcohol and smoking.
• Stretch marks are a phenomenon familiar to anyone who has suddenly lost weight. But it turns out that the skin can also sag slightly on the face, forming drooping eyelids. In this case, it is easy to eliminate this with the help of masks and massage.
• The quality of cosmetics significantly affects the condition of the skin. It is important to monitor the composition of what you apply to your face. Products consisting of natural ingredients are less harmful. We must not forget about proper cleansing. Never neglect it and always wash off your makeup thoroughly before going to bed.
• A drooping eyelid in some cases may be a manifestation of an allergic reaction. In this case, it is best to identify the food that caused it and eliminate it.

Features of the kinematics of the palpebral fold of the eyelid

Due to the dispersion of the aponeurosis fibers, which are woven into the skin, and the gradient distribution of forces on them, the fold of the eyelid responds well to the action of the levator, being pulled up and completely smoothed out when it relaxes. The palpebral fold of the eyelid reacts very actively to eye movements:

• if the gaze goes up, the fold of the eyelid deepens, lengthens, the eyelashes rise and the fold becomes clear;
• when looking down, the fold almost completely disappears and the eyelid becomes smooth;
• with an excited look, the palpebral fold is sharply expressed;
• with a dull look, the fold weakens and the eyelashes lower.

Mechanisms of changes in the palpebral fold of the eyelid

The anatomical structures present in the eyelid region participate to varying degrees in the formation of the palpebral fold.

The peculiarities of the formation of the fold depend on the constitution of the person, age-related changes in his body, injuries and diseases that affect the morphology.

The folded relief of the skin under the crease of the eyelid is caused by excess skin in the area of ​​attachment of the distal fibers of the levator aponeurosis. A massive eyelid occurs as a result of hypertrophic development of the subcutaneous and suborbicular layers with thickening of loose connective tissue and interspersed with adipose tissue. If the patient has congenital or acquired levator paresis, due to the lack of force applied to the attachment site, the depth of the eyelid fold decreases. The fold is displaced downward by fatty hernias of the eyelids and hypertrophy of the orbital tissue.

Compresses instead of an eye mask for wrinkles

Masks for the area around the eyes are washable and leave-on. It is advisable to do them no more than 2-3 times a week. Apply the products in a dense layer - this creates a greenhouse effect, and the beneficial substances penetrate deeper into the skin. If you need to quickly hide wrinkles, you can use a mask instead of eye cream. A more concentrated composition will provide instant results. In the morning, it is advisable to apply the patches correctly.

You can remove a network of fine wrinkles around the eyes and reduce swelling in the infraorbital area using myostimulation. This popular procedure uses electromagnetic waves to increase tissue elasticity. The procedure can be compared to EMS training. A special device delivers impulses to problem areas, causing the muscles to contract and tighten.

There are several life hacks on how to do eye makeup that hides wrinkles. If you urgently need to get rid of crow's feet before an important event, a real salvation is a cream filler for instantly filling wrinkles. It instantly hides even deep folds. It is better to use the product before applying makeup only in emergency cases. It has a short-term, not cumulative effect. Just like in the fairy tale of Cinderella, its effect ends the next day.

At home, you can prepare eye masks with a tightening effect from “available” products: protein, starch, vitamin E, honey, etc. You just need to take into account that all the components of such products are natural and can provoke an inadequate reaction in the form of a banal allergy.

From protein

The mask is prepared from the white of a chicken or quail egg. It is lightly whipped - not until foamy, not even until a stable white color appears, then applied with a cotton pad to the upper eyelid and area under the eyes. The protein is kept in front of your eyes until it dries completely, after which it is washed off with cool water without detergents.

It is strictly forbidden to open your eyes when the whites have dried, because this can lead to the formation of microdamages on the skin of the eyelids and eyelashes falling out/pulling out.

The mask is applied 2-3 times a week for 1 month, after which a break is taken for 2 weeks. Protein dries out the skin greatly, so if you have flaky spots, redness and excessive sensitivity of the epidermis, this method of combating sagging eyelids should be abandoned. In any case, after washing off the protein, the skin should be treated with a moisturizer.

You can complicate the mask recipe: beat 1 egg white until foamy, add 1 tablespoon of honey and 2 tablespoons of wheat flour to it. The finished mass is applied to closed eyes in an even layer, left for 15 minutes and then washed off with warm water. This composition has not only a tightening, but also a nourishing effect. Additionally, it will be possible to reduce the severity of dark circles and age spots.

With starch

With starch, the mask has rejuvenating properties - it increases the elasticity of the skin of the eyelids, smoothes out small expression wrinkles, tightens the dermis and whitens pigment spots and dark circles under the eyes.

The mask is prepared as follows:

• 1 tablespoon of dry potato or corn starch is diluted in 100 ml of cold water;
• boil 50 ml of water;
• Pour the starch solution into boiling water in a thin stream, stirring constantly;
• cook the whole mass until it becomes thick (do not allow it to boil!);
• Cool the mixture and add 1 tablespoon of full-fat sour cream and 5 tablespoons of carrot juice (prepare it yourself, store-bought is prohibited).

The mask is applied in a thin layer to the area around the eyes, including the upper eyelid. As soon as it dries, you need to apply a second layer of product and wait 25 minutes. Next, everything is washed off with warm water, and the skin is treated with moisturizer.

The regime for carrying out such caring procedures is daily for 2 weeks, then a break is taken for 10 days. Already in the middle of the second course, positive results will be visible - the sagging of the eyelid will become less pronounced, wrinkles will smooth out.

Carrots can lead to allergies, so after the first or second application you need to monitor the skin condition. Redness, areas of peeling, itching and small rashes are a reason to refuse anti-aging manipulations.

With vitamin E

Vitamin E is sold in pharmacies in the form of an oil solution. It can be purchased in capsules or small glass bottles - the effect of use will be the same.

Cosmetologists claim that this product can act as an independent product for rejuvenating and tightening the skin of the eyelids - it is applied every day to the upper eyelid and the skin near the outer corner of the eyes in a thin layer. There is no need to wash it off; the manipulation is performed in the evening. Already on days 5-7, you can evaluate the first positive results - the eyelid will lift, the skin will become elastic, and the look will be more open.

Vitamin E goes well with other ingredients that are beneficial for the skin of the eyelids:

• fat sour cream;
• egg yolk;
• cosmetic clay.

Vitamin E is added in the amount of 5 drops per teaspoon of the second ingredient; if cosmetic clay is used, it is first diluted with warm water to the consistency of thick sour cream and then the pharmaceutical product is administered according to the indicated proportions.

Masks with vitamin E cannot be used on a regular basis, because an excess amount of this substance has the opposite effect to the expected - foci of allergies appear, the skin acquires a grayish-green tint, and becomes too thin. Cosmetologists recommend carrying out procedures daily for 7 days, then taking a break of 3 days. Only 3 such courses can be completed, after which they can be repeated no earlier than after 6 months.

Honey for eyelids

Applying honey to the eyelids is also useful, because this product has a complex effect on the dermis:

• tones;
• attracts and retains moisture in cells for a long time;
• stops the aging process;
• improves cell regeneration;
• increases skin elasticity;
• makes pigment spots less pronounced;
• smoothes out small wrinkles.

The following combinations will be most useful in the fight against sagging of the upper eyelid:

• parsley honey – 1 teaspoon of honey mixed with ½ teaspoon of avocado cosmetic oil and 1 teaspoon of parsley juice, the mixture is applied to the eyelids and the entire area around the eyes for 15 minutes;
• honey cream banana - mixed in equal quantities, the mixture is applied to the desired area and remains there for 20-30 minutes, washed off with warm water;
• honey essential oils - add 2 drops of dill oil, 2 drops of lavender and 1 teaspoon of almond oil to 1 teaspoon of bee product, apply the mixture to the eyes for 20 minutes.

Such masks can be used on a daily basis, but you must take a break between courses - for example, the 14/5 regimen is suitable. If there is no sagging eyelid yet, or it has just begun to form, there are no signs of aging, then you can use a mixture of honey and olive oil in equal quantities.

Use your fingertips to “drive” the finished mixture into the skin around the eyes. The procedure is performed every day in the evening, there is no need to wash off the mask, but it will take 20-30 minutes for it to be completely absorbed.

From parsley

Parsley has whitening, rejuvenating and firming properties. To prepare the simplest mask, you can use any part of the plant - roots or greens, but cosmetologists recommend giving preference to roots for dry skin types, and greens for oily skin types. You need to take the selected part of the parsley, grind it with a blender, meat grinder or knife to a pulp.

The finished mass is applied to the upper eyelids and remains there for 15-20 minutes, then washed off with warm water. Parsley has a subtle drying effect, so after manipulation you must apply a moisturizing serum or cream to your eyelids.

From oils

Any cosmetic and vegetable oils “work” against wrinkles; they can be used to treat the skin of the eyelids, even with already pronounced age-related changes.

But cosmetologists recommend paying attention to the following products:

• argan oil - suitable for any skin type, you need to rub a few drops of the product into the eyelids and area around the eyes every evening;
• olive oil – contains a large amount of vitamins that nourish the dermis and smooth out fine wrinkles, can be used in eyelid care on a regular basis;
• coconut – only refined coconut is used for the eyes, protects the eyelids from the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays;
• almond - used only warm, applied to the area around the eyes in a thick layer, after 1-2 hours the excess is removed with a napkin;
• Jojoba – excellent for dry skin with areas of flaking and redness, used in eyelid care no more than 3 times a week.

Oils can be used for an unlimited amount of time; they are added to your usual care products from a series of professional cosmetics.

Cucumber

A mask is prepared from fresh cucumber not only with a rejuvenating effect, but also with a whitening and refreshing effect. You need to peel the vegetable, grate it on a fine grater and apply the paste to the eyelids and area under the eyes. The exposure time of such a mask is 10 minutes, it can be used in care every day for any time. It is important to use “pure”, natural products for this, so the mask is considered seasonal.

You can add any cosmetic oil, a small amount of wheat/oat flour or egg yolk to the cucumber mixture. These additional ingredients are especially useful in the care of dry, overly sensitive skin around the eyes.

From aloe

Aloe leaves (the bottom 2-3 on the bush, the “fleshy ones”) need to be crushed into a pulp, add 1 teaspoon of your usual moisturizer and 5 drops of tea tree oil. The finished mixture is put in a cool place for 1 hour, then the mass is applied to the upper eyelid and lightly driven into the skin with your fingertips. After 15-20 minutes, everything is washed off with warm water.

This mask is suitable for caring for any skin type, quickly relieves inflammation, increases the ability of the dermis to resist the harmful effects of external factors (sunlight, wind, low/high air temperatures, and so on).

From avocado

You need to take ½ of an avocado, turn the pulp into a puree and apply it to the upper eyelids and the entire area around the eyes. Leave the mask on for 20 minutes, after which you need to wash with warm water. This vegetable contains a lot of oil, so subsequent moisturizing of the skin is not required. This procedure can be performed every day in the evenings, the duration of the course is not limited.

Surgical modeling of the palpebral fold of the eyelid

Each stage of surgical modeling of the palpebral fold of the eyelid has its own important features:

• making a cut: it is most convenient to make a cut along the line of the intended fold;
• skin: skin resection is performed if there is an excess of it and a free flap is transplanted if there is a deficiency;

• layers of loose connective tissue: the excess layer in front and behind the orbicularis muscle makes the palpebral fold heavier, so it needs to be thinned. The lack of a loose layer is compensated with the help of fillers or orbital fiber;
• orbicularis muscle: resected in cases where there is excess thickness and area, decreased tone, or absence of high fibers of the levator aponeurosis intertwined into the skin. The resection area should be above the crease line;
• levator aponeurosis: to reduce the high fold, its upper fibers are cut, to form a high fold, the tarso-orbital fascia is cut off from the aponeurosis, and the fold is fixed at the desired height;
• fixation of the eyelid fold is the main element of surgical intervention. In the standard version, dermal-aponeurotic fixation is performed with U-shaped sutures through the mobilized orbicularis muscle. If necessary, suturing is supplemented with deep fixation and an increase in the number of sutures.

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Self-massage

Today, the trend towards naturalness is gaining great popularity, and millions of women deliberately refuse plastic surgery - in favor of facial massage. There are many varieties of it: manual, in jars, LPG and even buccal, which is done not externally, but in the oral cavity. It is best to take the course in a salon. The effect of a correctly performed procedure can be compared to a facelift.

Eyelid care should include simple self-massage techniques. The fat layer due to stagnation of lymph increases in size and can cause stretching of the skin and the formation of wrinkles. Intense pressing movements on the periosteum, muscles and skin of the eyelids stimulate the removal of excess fluid and increase muscle tone. Self-massage should not be neglected also because almost all of the most effective anti-aging components in care products are of protein origin.

Apply a cream with lymphatic drainage effect to the eyelids, back of the nose, wings of the nose, nasolabial folds and corners of the mouth.

• Start massaging from the inner corner of the eye along the bony part of the upper eyelid. Using the pads of your thumbs, massage the eyebrow area with pressing movements, then the temple area with circular movements, and again the area under the eyes with pressing movements. Finish the massage with intense circular movements on the bridge of the nose at the inner corner of the eye.
• Using circular movements for several seconds, massage the back and wings of the nose and the area just above the nasolabial folds from top to bottom. Then move down to the corners of your mouth and make a few tweaks along the lower jaw.

We advise you to refrain from self-massage for 1-2 months if you have recently had plastic surgery on your face, laser resurfacing, botulinum therapy, threads or fillers.